Ceramic Superconductors Wiki

Opened up the possibilities for new superconductors.

Ceramic superconductors wiki.

Yba 2 cu 3 o 7 x was the first ceramic superconductor discovered with t c greater than liquid nitrogen temperature. Tc is usually measured in degrees kelvin k 0 k being absolute zero the. The yttrium compound is often called the 1 2 3 superconductor because of the ratios of its constituents. The table below shows some of the parameters of common superconductors.

X y means material x doped with element y t c is the highest reported transition temperature in kelvins and h c is a critical magnetic field in tesla. Superconducting quantum interference device squid. Many ceramic superconductors physically behave as superconductors of the second type. The first high temperature superconductor was discovered in 1986 by ibm researchers bednorz and müller 3 6 who were awarded the nobel prize in physics in 1987 for their important break through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials.

Ceramics are normally insulators. The temperature at which resistance ceases is referred to as the transition temperature or critical temperature tc. Chemical formula is yba2cu3o7. Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.

The yttrium compound is somewhat unique in that it has a regular crystal structure while the lanthanum version is classified as a solid solution. Bcs means whether or not the superconductivity is explained within the bcs theory. The high temperature superconductors are ceramic materials with layers of copper oxide spaced by layers containing barium and other atoms. A lanthanum barium copper and oxygen compound with a critical temperature of 30k.

This superconductor has a critical transition temperature around 90k well above liquid nitrogen s 77k. Yttrium barium copper oxide ybco is a family of crystalline chemical compounds famous for displaying high temperature superconductivity it includes the first material ever discovered to become superconducting above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen 77 k at about 92 k many ybco compounds have the general formula y ba 2 cu 3 o 7 x also known as y123 although materials with other y. Any material exhibiting these properties is a superconductor unlike an ordinary metallic conductor whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero a superconductor has a. The highest critical current density is achieved when x 0 so that the composition is yba 2 cu 3 o 7 but the material remains superconducting for values of x down to about 0 5.

Because liquid nitrogen is relatively inexpensive and easier to handle there is a greater interest in the ceramic superconductor machines than the liquid helium cooled metal superconductor machines. A ceramic superconductor was discovered by alex müller and georg bednorz. The superconductor we will be experimenting with is an yttrium y barium ba and copper cu composition. Conductive ceramics conductive ceramics superconductors.